Cell Phones And Its Effects On Individuals - 860 Words

Traditional broadcast media primarily exist to communicate with the masses, today however, newer devices and technologies allow for personalization of messages (2011, p.269). Some of these devices or technologies include cell phones, social network sites, and Wi-Fi which remain beneficial to many but they too have drawbacks. Medoff and Kaye note, since cell phones made their way to the consumer market, they have had a huge impact on individuals (2011, p.270). The cell phone has made communication easier and accessible from just about anywhere. No longer are individuals restricted to cords, local calls, and memory. Prior to cell phones, communication was sometimes inconvenient. Cords kept you in place so multitasking was difficult. Local calls were primarily used as long distance calls were quite expensive all too often keeping family and friends communicating for short times or not at all. Then there is memory. Personal phone books, human memory, and company distributed phone books are no longer required. These are all great advantages, however if one misplaces or misuses their cellular phone there will be problems. An example of misuse, texting while driving. Medoff and Kaye indicate there is common practice of using a cell phone while driving that brings up safety issues (2011, p.270). This is a danger ous practice that may result in major consequences. Additionally, your personal information may be compromised since a cell phone works much like a minicomputer allowing forShow MoreRelatedCell Phones And Its Effects On Individual, Families, And Society2787 Words   |  12 PagesAbstract: Cell phones use has become the norm of the day with almost everyone having the ability to access a mobile phone. The cell phones pose great danger to the users as well as the society in general. The radioactive frequencies emitted by cell phones exposes the user to the risks of suffering from cancers such as brain tumors and breast cancers in women. The society is also affected as the use of cell phones has impacts in individual, families and the society in general. DangersRead MoreCell Phones Effects On Interpersonal Relationships, Driving Skills, And Individual Health967 Words   |  4 PagesCell Phones are a growing trend around the world, but we do not know much about the health risks associated with them. Many children, students, and adults use their phones frequently, and there could be many growing common risks developing that we are unaware of. Cell Phones are a recent invention that has brought people together all around the world and mostly beneficial but are associated to some dangers. Using cell phones has effects on interpersonal relationships, driving skills, and individualRead MoreThe Negative Effect of Cell Phones on Society Essay961 Words   |  4 PagesA cell phone is an electronic device used for the mobile telecommunication i.e. mobile telephony, data transmission and text messaging. It is used over a cellular network of specialized base stations. It differs from cordless telephones, which offers telephony service only with in a limited range i.e. within a home or an office. As the time passes it offers more and more advance features. A society is a social, economical or industrial infrastructure, made up of collection of individuals. AlthoughRead MoreImpact Of Cell Phones On Society1509 Words   |  7 Pagesinternet highlights the latest technology that captivates both young and old. Mobile phones have become an integral part of our society. Primarily, the development of cellphones which combine different sophisticated features has made the device one of the necessities of life. So far, statistics indicate that the number of cell phones in the world supersedes the total population of people. Most people consider cell phones beneficial because of the level of interconnectedness it creates between people aroundRead MoreHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially1503 Words   |  7 PagesHow Cell Phones Changed Us Socially Having a cell phone is very convenient and helpful most of the time. They are great for emergencies, but not everyone knows of the potential negative impacts these phones have on our lives. In the past several years there have been numerous studies looking into the problems, which cell phone cause. This paper will show how the cell phone has had a dynamic impact on social interactions in today’s society. First it will show the point of having a cellular phoneRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Communication955 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology has changed the way individuals communicate and limits the number of face-to-face conversations. Technology affects the way individuals keep in contact with one another and it has taken over people’s lives. People have become more dependent on technology to function every day, and without it, their lives are incomplete. However, technology does not negatively affect communication in some circumstances. Miscommunication, emotional intelligence, and information technology are key characteristicsRead MoreMobile Phones And The Mobile Phone987 Words   |  4 Pagesand age, it is almost impossible to not have a cell phone; the number of people who own a cell phone is growing every year. â€Å"At the end of 2011, there were al most 6 billion mobile subscriptions. That is a dramatic increase from 5.4 billion in 2010 and 4.7 billion mobile subscriptions in 2009† (International Tele - communications Union, 2011). With the introduction into society the cell phone established a convenient way to communicate between individuals, and they have also connected the world in aRead MoreThe Impact Of Cell Phones On Health1551 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Cell Phones on Health The invention of the cell phone and newer â€Å"smart† technology has brought about many positive uses and entertainment. But there are many downsides that aren’t as obvious. Cell phones, no matter how useful, still pose many hazards to our health such as: distracting us from other tasks and affecting our bodies. The everyday use of cell phones has many negative effects on individuals and society. Cell phones affect people in many physical ways. There have been manyRead MoreDriving A Vehicle While Texting1745 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction We currently live in a society where technology has become a necessity, more specifically, cell phones have become essential and people go crazy when they are without this particular device. This obsession with our cellular devices has caused many deaths, affected our form of communication with others, and making us stupider. Driving a vehicle while texting is six times more dangerous than driving while intoxicated according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)Read MoreThe Debate Of Cell Phones1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Debate of Cell Phones Technology has advanced over the years, causing our lifestyle to change drastically and head down a new path. With these advances in technology, the cell phone appeared and has evolved throughout time. The cell phone has become a necessity to many. All ages use this mobile device for either personal or business use. Higgins states that the amount of cell phones active has increased from â€Å"one billion in 2000 to 6 billion.† Although cell phones play an important role

The Awakening By Kate Chopin Essay - 2504 Words

Part I Reading Journal, Ch. 1-13 The Awakening by Kate Chopin Ashton Thompson Chapter 1 The chapter begins with a parrot--who is owned by the resort’s proprietor, Madame Lebrun--on a porch shouting at Leonce Pontellier to â€Å"Get out!† Leonce, who is trying to read the newspaper, distances himself from the bird so he can continue his reading in peace and quiet. He situates himself in a rocking chair on the porch of his own cottage and watches his two sons (ages five and four) play croquet with some other people. After he lights a cigar and continues to watch them, he catches sight of Edna Pontellier, his wife, and Robert Lebrun approaching from the beach underneath a sunshade. They sit on the porch steps with obviously sunburnt skin. Leonce scolds Edna for allowing herself to get burned. He then hands her her wedding ring that she apparently gave him for safekeeping. Edna and Robert attempt to tell Leonce a funny story about what happened at the beach but Leonce finds it boring. He tells them that he is going to go to Klein’s hotel and a sks Robert if he wants to tag along. Robert declines so he can stay with Edna and Leonce leaves. This chapter takes place on Grand Isle, where many Creoles from New Orleans go on vacation. The characters are staying in a group of cottages. Leonce Pontellier is a wealthy businessman who is forty years of age. His wife is Edna Pontellier. The man Edna returns from the beach with is Robert Lebrun, the handsome son of Madame Lebrun. Madame LebrunShow MoreRelatedThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1479 Words   |  6 PagesKate Chopin’s controversial novel, The Awakening, ignited turmoil because of her blatant disregard of the established 19th century perspective of women upholding strictly maternal and matrimonial responsibilities. Edna’s candid exploration of the restrictions on women through her liberal behavior in a conservative Victorian society makes her a literary symbol for feminist ideals. Despite denunciation from other people, Edna chooses individuality over conformity through her veering from traditionalRead MoreThe Awakening by Kate Chopin1102 Words   |  5 Pagesveracity of this quote as both find their independence by boldly exceeding the norm. Their stories were fashioned during a period of great change and both characters are hallmarks of the hope and power women were unearthing at the time. The Awakening by Kate Chopin and Tess of the D’Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy are novels concerned with the transformation of women’s roles in society. Their protagonists, Tess and Edna, are not outright feminists, but they are acutely aware of the limitations imposed uponRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1919 Words   |  8 PagesIn the novel, The Awakening, by Kate Chopin, we see how much of an importance the men in Edna’s life serve as a purpose to her awakening. Chopin is known to write stories about women who are unsatisfied with their lives while living in a life that is dominated by men. Other than Edna, the main men charac ters are typical men of the late 19th century era. Chopin shows how these three men are diverse from one another. The Creole men are Là ©once Pontellier, Edna’s husband, Robert, Edna’s mystery man numberRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin901 Words   |  4 Pagescandidly. Kate Chopin is honorably amongst this group of authors. Her works divinely portrayed the culture of New Orleans and the lives of Louisiana s Creole and Cajun residents. Chopin openly express her views on sex, marriage, and the injustices of women during the time. Kate Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, best exemplifies the contextual achievement of realism through the rejection of conformity, the exploration of love, and the weight of social opinion on individual choices. The Awakening is publishedRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1222 Words   |  5 Pages The Awakening By: Kate Chopin Emely Maldonado AP LIT Period 3 Topic 3 Maldonado 1 Displacement The late 1800s and the 1900s was a prison for woman’s individuality. During this time period, stereotypical views of women were commenced by society and men. In the era that the novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin was published, the gender roles were graved in stone, men would work to maintain their family and women would adhere to the house-hold duties. Dissatisfaction with theRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1193 Words   |  5 PagesDavian Hart The Awakening By: Kate Chopin AP Literature Topic 3 Hart 1 Over the course of time the male species has always been the gender to attain the more favorable conditions. Numerous cultures heed to the belief that the man is the provider and head of his family. This machismo nature can condition the mind to believe that a man should feel superior to a woman. The continuous cycle of male superiority flows down from father to son subconsciously. Do to this unceasingRead MoreThe Awakening, By Kate Chopin887 Words   |  4 Pages Feminism has been a term used by many authors and writers for centuries, symbolizing women being able to use freedom the way they want to, not the way others want them to use it. Edna Pontellier, the main character in Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening, experiences an â€Å"awakening† in her life, where she discovers her position in the universe and goes in this direction instead of what others like her husband Leonce tell her to take, similar to the style of feminism. â€Å"In short, Mrs. Pontellier was beg inningRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1427 Words   |  6 Pagessuffering an imposition (Moderata). Throughout history, the inherent inferiority of women to men has often been cited as a way to deter women from becoming an individual and pursuing more in life. This notion is a prevalent issue in The Awakening by Kate Chopin; in which Edna fights to live her own way and is ultimately unable to survive in the cage of society. Not only has this supposed inferiority effected women for generations, but it has created inequality in our society today; especially inRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1633 Words   |  7 Pages1. Title of text (underline novels/plays) author’s name The Awakening by Kate Chopin 2. Characterization Character Development (a) 1.Edna Pontellier- Edna is the main character of the novel who is married to a businessman. Edna is a dynamic character because at the beginning of the novel, she conforms to society by being the â€Å"perfect† mother and wife; however, Edna suddenly realizes that she is no longer happy with the way she was living her life and began to become independent only for herRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin915 Words   |  4 PagesMany of Kate Chopin’s writings are trademarked by her unique, deliberate word choices. Chopin uses phrases that do not make sense and seem to contradict themselves to get across a point. In two of her stories, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and â€Å"The Awakening,† Chopin’s word usage highlights the idea of self-discovery. â€Å"The Awakening† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† share similar themes. â€Å"The Awakening† is the story of a woman in the late 1800s discovering her apathy for her traditional female role as a wife

The Controversy Of The Lgbt Community Essay Example For Students

The Controversy Of The Lgbt Community Essay There are many problems or issues going on globally. Things such as politics, war, and other things of that nature. One issue I would like to focus on is the controversy of the LGBT Community and how the people are dealt with. Locally, in Atlanta we still have a problem with gay rights, acceptance and much more. While reading Here Are a Few of the Things the LGBT Community is Still Fighting for, (June 26, 2016), by Paige Lavender and interviewing Jessica you can being to see this isn’t just something that will blow over. This topic has been going on for years and many years to come if people aren’t willing to open their eyes. Open their eyes to see there is nothing wrong with people loving others of the same sex. Love is love, when will everyone finally see that?The hot topic causing controversy in Atlanta right now is gay rights. For some people that may be a touchy subject whether good or bad, there are people who are for gay right agree then there are others who dint agree so much. Gay rights have been a problem for many, many years, it isn’t something that just began. People bel.

Reflective Essay for Data Structure and File Management Project free essay sample

Reflective Essay on Data Structure and File Management Coursework C++ is an object-oriented, low-level ANSI and ISO standard programming language that can generate very efficient and very fast programs. As an object-oriented language large- scale programs C++ is one of the most popular programming. Initially when the project was given my first reaction was how will I be able integrate my limited programming knowledge of C++ and fact that it was done in the reverse of me currently doing C programming. This would however cause a conflict of interest that I ill not confuse the programming languages and I would have to do adequate research and revisiting my notes on C++. Given the draft of how the program will be coded, according to the task allotted to me (calculating salary) the first challenge faced was when the hours worked is entered an error check was needed to check the validity of the hours entered. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Essay for Data Structure and File Management Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An error check was implemented in the function to calculate payroll when hours worked was entered. Whenever an error occurs the system will return an error message and prompt the user to reenter the hours worked according to the outlined criteria. After reentering the hours worked again a display was done and the gross pay and other calculations were not seen. However after many error checks and tests the decision was made to insert a new function called calcpay to calculate the salary while the payroll function was used to insert the hours worked and check for errors. Another occurrence of challenge that was face when programming the system is that the backup of the system was not writing to the file. This was because the writing of the â€Å"payroll. dat† was done when the system close (exit) and the backup was before the alling of the function to calculate payroll. The decision was made to merge the Backup and Store function in one â€Å"Case† in the switch so that while the system will be saving (writing) the â€Å"payroll. dat† and create a backup copy at the same time. What I have learnt from doing this coursework is that for me to write, test or debug a program especially in C++ is that I will have to revisit my previous knowledge of C++, sacrifices both personally and at work, sleepless nights and a break from my immediate studies for Mid Semester Exams. Based on my contribution towards this project I have a ore in-depth knowledge in C++. I also learnt how to set precision for the way in which the information will be displayed both on the screen and in the file. This was used to organize how the employee payslip will look and the use of a date code to print out the date on the employee payslip. There were other coding and its related terminologies that was learnt to aid in the accurate, consistent and limited amount of errors in creating the program which I know will better aid in my programming skills and approach to programming various application.

Request for Proposal Essays

Request for Proposal Essays Request for Proposal Essay Request for Proposal Essay Request for Proposal Name: Course: Date: Request for Proposal The purpose of this Request for proposals (RFP) is to engage a client to supply the following services to Google Inc. Google Inc, by means of this RFP, invites all qualified companies to submit proposals that comply with all the regulations delineated in this RFP. Google Inc predicts that, based on its appraisal and assessment of the proposals obtained in accordance with this RFP, it will pick a supplier and sign a contract whereby the supplier will deliver the services to Google Inc, in line with the terms and conditions agreed upon in the contract. Company Information Google Inc. is an American international company that makes available Internet-based products and services, including research, cloud storage, software and advertising innovations. Advertising revenues from Ad Words contributes a large chunk of the company’s profits. The company was established by Larry Page while he was studying in Stanford University. Google was first registered as a private company in 1998 and in 2004; it floated its initial public offering. The company’s mission statement was to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful. Company’s right to reject Google Inc., in its sole judgment, reserves the right to reject any proposals including, without constraint, any material that is brought for their consumption by the different suppliers. Schedule of events Google Inc. will try to comply with the following proposed timeline that is used for assessing, bargaining and issuing a contract. Events Date Public notification of the purpose to propose to potential proposersJan 2013Issuance of Request for Proposal04/ 02/ 2013Checking deadline for receipt of RFP11/ 02/ 2013Availing comments and queries through website15/ 02/ 2013Verbal presentations for chosen proposers21/ 02/ 2013Issuing recommendations to the board of directors26/ 02/ 2013 Needs Assessment The results reported in the survey analysis were based on the participation of the colleagues and classmates. The results of the survey were very compelling and were not as previously expected. The survey was performed to collect information on people’s experiences in identifying JIT solutions found in various technological platforms. The initial question asked was what types of technologies were regularly used and the results of the survey indicated that personal computers and cell phones were the most popular. About 75% of the respondents regularly used laptops and just over 50% used Tablets in their social and economic activities. The results for iPad users were very dismal and stood at approximately 25% of the total respondents. With the prominence of the gadget, it was surprising that very few people preferred iPads as they opted for the other sources of work and interaction. The usage of the JIT solution and databases to accessing information was accessible to everyone t hat participated in the study. When questioned about the definite learning method, most respondents stated that they preferred online lectures and knowledge base as their preferred learning tool with only a few indicating that they preferred traditional forms of learning. The respondents replied that they each spent anywhere from 20 minutes to four or more hours of training for this activity. In conclusion, based on this analysis, the JIT solution using Microsoft Office Power point offered the best solution to the training. Power-point slides are easily to generate and administer as they are precise and learners have an easy time grasping ideas using the graphics. They are also lightweight applications that are easily transferable across various technological platforms. Statement of Work Purpose The rationale for this Request for Proposal (RFP) is to attract prospective vendors to present a proposal for the exclusive rights to produce and supply communication equipment such as computers and tablets to Google Inc. This proposal also addresses the effectiveness of this process and its potential to improve the current systems of communication. The RFP issues vendors with the pertinent application, performance and operational necessities of the system (Porter-Roth, 2002). RFP Requirements Right to modify, rescind or revoke RFP Google Inc. sets aside the rights to alter, withdraw, or revoke this RFP, completely or partially, at any time before the date on which the certified representative of the Company signs up a contract with the chosen proposer. Compliance with RFPR requirements Through submitting a proposal, a proposer agrees to be attached by the requirements outlined in the RFP. Google Inc, at its sole judgment, may exclude a proposal from consideration, if they establish a proposal was not compliant in whole or partly, with the requirements prescribed in this RFP. Binding Effect of Proposal Unless otherwise agreed in writing and ratified by the Vice President for Business Affairs, each Proposer will assent to and shall be bound by the details and credentials provided with the proposal, including prices cited for services rendered. Signature and Certification of Proposer The proposal must be cleared and confirmed by an agent of the proposer who is approved to bind the proposer to the terms and conditions contained in this RFP and to conform to the information presented in the proposal. Each proposer presenting a proposal verifies to the wholeness, actuality, and correctness of the information provided in the proposal as well as the authority of the person whose signature appears on the proposal to bind the proposer to the regulations outlined in this RFP. Proposals presented without the mandatory signature shall be deemed ineligible (Pallans, 2005). Requirements for submission The proposers shall ensure that they shall present their proposals in the following way. One original copy that is clearly marked, processed using Microsoft Word (spacing 10 point, Times New Roman font) and clearly comprehensible. The original copy should be in a three-ring binder and should bear the name of the proposer as well as the subject matter. Deadline for proposals The latest proposals should reach the Google Inc. company headquarters or on before 31 February 2013 and no later than 4: 00 pm. The company will not accept any proposal that is presented after this date as ample time has been provided to all potential proposers to make then necessary submissions. Budget Estimated Pricing The survey report entailed discovering technologies that could support the choice of JIT solutions. Six potential solutions were available that could effectively access databases to view the information online. This report analyzed the performance of these six innovations and contrasted their suitability. In the various categories available, much care was taken to analyze the solutions objectively and without bias, as the potential effectiveness of the solutions was crucial to the development of the technology. The Cost Analysis report below illustrates the various innovations proposed and their evaluations. JIT SolutionURL Location Estimated Cost BenefitsDisadvantagesComputersdell.com/us/p/desktops From $449They are relatively faster and may contain higher resolutions and memory capacities, which make them efficientThey are relatively expensive and may require additional accessories such as modems to access the internet. They cannot be carried from one place to another (Ward, 2011). Due to the ever-developing software, they easily become redundant, as they cannot handle the necessary capacities.Cell phonescellphoneshop.net/cellphone1.htm From $19.99They are relatively easy to carry from one place to another. They are cheap and simple to use.They are small and have low screen resolutions. They are relatively slow in accessing the internet. The content they offer is limited to the type of software that the manufacturer develops them with.Laptopsdell.com/us/p/laptops From $349Depending on the memory and size, they have a high screen resolution and are relatively faster. They can easily be carried from one place to another.They a re expensive and delicate. They require to be handled with care. According to my survey, up to 25% of people do not have access to laptops. Their life span is also limited with new products replacing old ones constantly. Tabletsdell.com/content/topics/segtopic.aspx/tablets From $499They have relatively more features and applications. They are more comfortable to carry (Reeds, 2002).They are more delicate than laptops and computers. They have features that are more complex. As such, the target of this feature is limited to those who are conversant with this technology.Ipadsapple.com/uk/ipad/compare From $ 269They are cheaper than laptops and computers. They contain most of the features you can find in laptops and computers. They are also relatively easier to carry (Tellijohn, 2010).They may lack some essential applications such as the flash viewer used for browsing. The limitations in software compatibility also hinder individuals not conversant with this technology from adopting it on a wide scale.

How to Study With Flashcards

How to Study With Flashcards Flashcards are a tried-and-true study tool. Whether youre preparing for a chemistry quiz or studying for a French exam, flashcards can help you memorize information, reinforce understanding, and retain details. However, not all flashcards are created equal. Learn how to maximize your study time by creating the ideal set of flashcards. Materials Theres nothing worse than starting a project without everything you need. Gather these supplies to get started: 3 x 5 index cardsHighlighters in multiple colorsKeyring, ribbon, or rubber bandVocabulary list or study guideHole puncherPencil Creating the Flashcards On the front of the card, write one vocabulary word or key term. Center the word horizontally and vertically, and be sure to keep the front of the card free of any extra markings, smudges, or doodles.Flip the card over. You wont be doing anything else with the front of the card.On the back of the card, write the definition of the vocabulary word in the upper left-hand corner. Be sure to compose the definition in your own words.Write the words part of speech in the upper right-hand corner. If part of speech isnt relevant (say, if youre studying for a history exam), categorize the word in some other way, e.g. by time period or school of thought.On the lower left-hand side, write a sentence that uses the vocabulary word. Make the sentence creative, funny, or memorable in some way. (If you write a bland sentence, youre much less likely to remember it!On the lower right-hand side, draw a small picture or graphic to go with the vocabulary word. It doesnt have to be artistic, just something that reminds you of the definition. Once youve created a flashcard for every term on your list, punch a hole in the middle of the right side of each card and hook them together for safekeeping with a keyring, ribbon, or rubber band. Studying With Flashcards Keep blank index cards on hand as you  take class notes. When you hear an important term, write the term on a card right away and add the answers later or during your study session. This process encourages you to reinforce the information you hear in class. Study the flashcards on a regular basis, preferably once a day for 1 to 2 weeks, before a test or exam. Explore different techniques, such as reviewing out loud versus silently and working alone versus with a study group. When studying with flashcards, make a small checkmark in the corner of the cards you answer correctly. When you have made two or three marks on a card, you know you can put it in a separate pile. Keep going through your main pile until all cards have two or three marks. Then, shuffle them and put them away for your next review session (or keep practicing!). Flashcard Games for Study Groups For classes that require you to memorize many  definitions, like social studies and history, work with your study group to create a master list of terms to study using the glossary in the back of your textbook. If possible, color code the terms according to the chapter. Create a matching game with your  study group. Make separate cards for the questions and the answers, leaving the backsides of all cards blank. Place the cards face down and turn them over, one by one, looking for matches. For extra excitement, turn it into a competition by forming teams and keeping score. Play charades. Split up into teams and place all the flashcards in a hat or a basket. During each round, a representative from one team steps up, pulls out a flashcard, and attempts to get his or her team to guess what was on the flashcard by giving silent cues (miming and body language). The first team that gets to 5 points wins.

Fight Club Analysis Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fight Club Analysis - Movie Review Example (Fight Club 1999); when he mentions the growing relationship between Tyler and Marla; and when he talks about the destructiveness of Project Mayhem. But in many cases too, words of the actual actors take over. In some places, especially where the narrator is talking, the dialogues are brief and to the point, just added to move the story forward at that particular point in time. Take for instance the opening scene at the support centre for men with testicular cancer where Bob Paulson, weeping, chips in a question to the protagonist, 'Are we still men' (Fight Club 1999), while the protagonist/narrator's voice, is telling the story in the background. In other scenes in the movie the dialogues are longer, starting with the time the protagonist meets Marla Singer, and discovers that she is faking her reason for being at the therapy session. They hold a conversation after the session. Other longer dialogue scenes include when the narrator meets Tyler Durden, the time the Fight Club begins, and the scene in the bathroom where the narrator and Tyler have a talk. For the fighting in the film, the actors were expected to show real fighting skills. Light and Colour Fight Club has good art direction (Linson 2004). The director, David Fincher, gave a vivid effect to the colour. As a result of this, people appear kind of shiny. Colours were also added to some nighttime shootings. A Super 35 format was used in shooting Fight Club. The narrator's scenes without Tyler Durden, the scenes are casual to look at. Those scenes which have Tyler in them have more visual effects, looking more real than is normal. Many parts of the film were shot at night, while those that were taken during the day... Giroux, H. A. (2001). "Brutalized Bodies and Emasculated Politics: Fight Club, Consumerism, and Masculine Violence", Breaking in to the Movies: Film and the Culture of Politics. New York, Blackwell Publishing Limited, 258-88

Marketing Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Marketing Management - Assignment Example It not only has non-stop aircrafts to other Middle-East countries but also has huge number of connecting flights to other countries across the globe. The network of connection by the company stretches from Europe to Asia with its presence in 29 countries and connecting more than 45 cities with a total of 34 fleets of aircrafts. Along with country’s vision of â€Å"Vision 2030†, Gulf Air also has its vision lined on the same line. The company’s strategy is to build a commercially sustainable, efficient airline which effectively serves to the people of Bahrain and also helps in the growth of the economy of the country representing its good image in the global world. Based on its strong strategy of growing at a fast pace the company has its main focus on three core areas which are providing a superior and more consistent product to the customer, a well-targeted and good expansion in the international network and third to become a modern and more efficient aviation c ompany that will provide good value for money to the customers and also will look to optimize value. Having a constant growth in the business operation the company has moved forward in a big way and in 2012 the company was been awarded with Silver Effie for building an effective and innovative brand in Bahrain. Though being in the global market from so many years the goal of the company has remained unchanged and its commitment towards bringing the latest technology in aviation industry is very well known, and its brand image has also increased by its hallmark Aviation hospitality. The company’s strong strategies to provide the best service have become the flagship for the company and the company is well known in the global market because of its high level of service and hospitality. In this report it can be seen how the company has utilised all its resources and capabilities in the best possible way to grow at such a fast rate and also the marketing strategies that are been used by the company

Definition of Cloning Essay Example for Free

Definition of Cloning Essay Cloning is the process of creating an identical copy of an original. It is a single cell or multi-cellular organism that is genetically identical to another living organism. Cloning can also occur when two genetically identical individuals are produced by accident like identical twins, but in common scientific language the clone is an identical copy by some conscious design. Cloning an organism is to create a new organism with the same genetic information as an existing one. This can involve the transfer of a cell nuclear in which the nucleus is removed from an egg cell and replaced with a nucleus extracted from a cell of the organism to be cloned. AS the nucleus contains all of the genetic information of life, the receiving egg cell will develop into an organism genetically identical to the original nucleus. Brief history II Cloning started with frogs and toads back into the 1970s. Experiments have been long performed with plants and animal embryos. The Dolly is the first fully grown mammal to be cloned in 1996. The dolly was developing by using the process call somatic cell nuclear transfer which consists of DNA coming from a single cell taken from her mother egg, which is fused with the mammary cell. The fused cell then develops into an embryo, which is implanted in a surrogate sheep. The embryo grows into a lamb, which is genetically identical to the donor sheep (Dr.Lee Silver, Human Cloning, 1998).After the dolly, cows was being clone in 1998, pigs in 2000. The first cat was cloned in2001and in2004 a bull was cloned. With this successful process of the dolly scientists believe that human cloning may be possible. The first human cloned embryos were not until 2001. Currently there are a lot of problems of getting Human clones. It is still not proven that scientists could successfully clone a human; still it will take a lot of trial to even be successful in the case of animal cloning 277 sheep died before the dolly was born. There so many questions about human fertility, scientists could not be sure that an identical human clone will ever be possible.

Essay --

Credit Rating Check: How to Find Your Credit Score Finding out your credit score is one of the most important steps you can take towards a stronger financial future. It is extremely important for everyone to be well-informed of your credit score so that you can make smart decisions about credit and how to use it to your advantage. Luckily, finding your credit score is incredibly easy and something that everyone should do! The Fair Credit Reporting Act It’s easier than ever to check your credit rating because of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). This requires the three main credit bureaus -Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion- to each offer you a credit report once every 12 months. You may choose to order these reports at different times throughout the year, or all at once. How to Order Your Free Reports Although you are entitled to yearly credit checks at no cost, there is still action required on your part. There are three different ways to request a report from each company. Online, you can visit www.annualcreditreport.com or you can call toll-free at 1-877-322-8228. Th...

Balance your schedule as an athlete and student

One of the greatest challenges that student’s face today lies in balancing their schedule. While the primacy of academics has never really been questioned, the presence of several studies showing that it is also important to be well rounded. The biggest problem with that, however, is finding the time to address the needs of academics and that of extra-curricular activities, particularly for student athletes. As such, the most important thing for an student athlete to do in order to be able to cope with the daily duties as well as the workload in school is to have proper time management techniques.It is oft heard that time is something that everyone needs a lot of but never has enough of. The key therefore is in being able to make the most out of the limited time that is available. The first step in doing this is by making a list and finding out just how your time is currently being spent; recording the number of hours in class, for study, at work, at home and for recreation. T his provides the student with an idea of just where most of the time goes and whether or not there are areas which are given more time than others.With the list, it is now possible to determine just how much time is really needed and what the time wasters are. This will allow the student to maximize the time left for studying and school related activities. Having a personal pocketbook calendar or organizer helps in this situation because it gives the individual a snapshot of the daily activities and when there is time saved after doing a certain task, it allows the individual to adjust the rest of the schedule and allot more time for studying. Another technique is by trying to multi-task.While this technique may not be optimal for certain types of individuals, with proper training, any person can effectively multi-task to maximize the limited time. The key here is in being able to identify which tasks can be merged with others and which tasks have similarities with others. Small cho res can be fit in with the regular tasks to save time because even small chores if done individually can consume a lot of time. These time management techniques will allow students to effectively allocate the limited time that is available to study and also fulfill the other daily obligations at work and at home.

Case analysis-Harrington Collection Essay

Problem identification In 2008, Harrington Collection, a large manufacturer and retailer of U.S. high-end women’s apparel, was facing opportunities and challenges whether to launch of active-wear products to meet the market and customers’ needs. But according to the macroeconomic environment, the target market, competitors and its own financial condition, Harrington needed to take careful consideration and then make the best decision for their own development. The U.S. women’s apparel industry Market trends From the data of U.S. Apparel Market Sale (2002-07), we could find out that, even when subjected to the impact of the economic downturn, the U.S. women’s apparel industry remained in a mature and stable state and held by continued growth momentum. The Retail Sales increased from $106 billion in 2002, to $133 billion in 2007. The average annual growth rate is 4.7%. It showed that the total sales of the women’s apparel industry did not receive the macroeconomic impact. Consumers still had a high desire to go shopping. At the same time, analyzed the data from U.S. Apparel Market Units, influenced by the economic downturn, consumers were more interested in less than $100, low-priced women’s apparel. From 2005 to 2007, the growth rate of units sold in more than $200 is 3.4%, the product growth rate of between $100-200 is 1.4%, and $50 to 100 product growth rate is 14.3%, while less than $50 low-priced products have the highest growth rate of 16.1%. The low-cost market has a great opportunity for manufacturers. Characteristics and competition The value chain of the women’s apparel industry is about: (1) branding; (2) design; (3) buying; (4) production; (5) channel marketing; (6) distribution; and (7) retailing. In the era of apparel products are relative homogenization, price war seems to become a common method to erode the market share of each other between brands. Each brand need to face how to  effectively reduce costs. Many brands established overseas plants or outsourced to overseas factories. This could reduce their cost of production and labor. Through effective monitoring, the overseas factory’s products also have a good quality. This makes the increased competition on the market. Women’s apparel retailers included department stores, mass merchandisers, specialty stores, and warehouse clubs/supercenters. Among them, the specialty stores got the 1st position, 58.6% share of channel, changed 11% from 2005 to 2007. The 2nd place is department store, 19.0%. Mass merchandisers got the 3rd position with 11.4%. In the retailing women’s apparel for the U.S. market, the most important distribution channel is specialty store. Harrington Collection Company’s background As a nearly 50-year history of the women’s apparel brand, Harrington Collection has a clear market positioning. Targeted at the high-end market is the original intention of Harrington Collection. The 1980s, the Harrington Collection expanded Vigor and Christina Cole brands, the product line aimed at the younger customer market. Because of their superior quality, knowledgeable sales staff and designer styles, they have a group of loyal customers. Four product lines Harrington Collection targeted affluent, fashionable, college-educated, professional women from 25 to 60. This company has four product lines, covered three classifications (Designer, Bridge, and Better) of the women’s apparel market. They targeted women of different ages, different background, and different family income. The Harrington Limited, as the â€Å"Designer† classification. This product line focuses on the Designer Collection, targets the customer as â€Å"Sophisticated Elegance†. Their age is from 35 to 60, an average household income is more than $200k. The retail price range is $500-$1000+. And it has 20% of Market Share, as the â€Å"Cash Cow†. It shows Harrington Collection’s market position is a high-end brand. Harrington Limited is the company’s most important product, and as a high-end brand, the products could show the strength of Harrington Collection. The Sopra, positions as the â€Å"Bridge† classification. This product line focuses on the Evening Wear; it targets the consumers of â€Å"Status Seeker†. The retail price  is about $400-$800. Most of the customers are 35-60; household income is more than $150k. The market share of Sopra is the lowest among the four product lines, only 5%. It is the â€Å"Dog† product, but the Evening Wear means the high-end position of a company, Harrington Collection needs to keep this product line. The Christina Cole, positions as the â€Å"Bridge† classification. This product line focuses on the high-end Career Wear; it targets the customers of â€Å"Office Chic†, with the price from $300-$700. The average information of the customers is 30-55, with more than $100k household income. The market share is 8%. The market positioning of this classification’s products are very competitive, so 8% is acceptable. It is the â€Å"Star†. The Vigor, â€Å"Better† classification’s product line, focuses on the Career Wear. Targeted customers are â€Å"Trend Setter†. They are from 25 to 50, with more than $75k household income. As the targeted age of the customers is younger than the others product lines, this line is full of fresh and flexible. It is able to adapt to the needs of the market to react and change, the â€Å"Star†. Manufactory strategy Harrington Collection does not set up overseas factories in Asia or outsourcing, for two reasons. First, they expected of high-quality women’s apparel products, good quality make their products to attract high-end consumers. Second, they hoped to catch up with the fashion, the close plants will have a high speed to deliver their product to the retail department, it could be able to help the brand issue season’s trend styles with the fastest speed. This strategy improves the cost of product, but it will help to enhance the brand image. Active wear In recent years, more and more of the company launched its own active wear products, just like hoodie, pants, and tee-shirt. Consumers buy active wear’s aimed not just in gym, but worn in everyday life. Consumers believe that active wear is very comfortable, very fresh, and very casual. There is also a very important reason, active wear is relatively cheap. In 2007, the â€Å"moderate† and â€Å"budget† classifications got 80% of market share on the apparel market and sold 7.5 million units in that year. But in 2009, many brands started to transform at the level of the â€Å"better† active wear. The average selling price was just below $100.By such changes in the market, we  can see that the consumer’s demand of high-grade active wear was increased. And consumers are willing and able to buy high-end active wear. Active wear of Vigor Division To Harrington Collection, in 2007 and 2008, the active wear market was not suitable for them to locate a high-end brand. Their brands, Vigor, the lowest level of the product line, but also achieve the â€Å"Better† classification. At that time, the consumers were more interested in the cheaper products. But the Market trends had a sudden shift in 2009, so Harrington Collection got an excellent opportunity to join into the active wear market. Harrington Collection’s Vigor brand is the most suitable for the introduction of active wear products. In the minds of consumers, Harrington Collection is a high-end brand, if Vigor was able to launch active wear products, would be favored by the consumers of high-end brands. Vigor’s styles were much more flexible than the others brands of Harrington Collection. And the core styles of active wear were about fresh and lifestyle. As a brand of Harrington Collection, Vigor continued the strategy of their company, provided the hi gh quality and agility products to fix the consumers’ needs, wants, and demands. This would attract the existing customers of Harrington Collection to purchase Vigor active wear products, because they believed that these garments were high quality and fashion. The Vigor team made decision about pricing. That hoodie, tee-shirt, and pants would be $100, $40, and $80, it seemed not a very high price, the working-class even could afford for them. It could help Vigor to get shares in the market of â€Å"moderate† classification. However, the establishment of a new product line requires the purchase of new equipment, the new plant, equipped with the appropriate staff. Harrington Collection needed to build a management team, design team. However, even the prospects of the market were perfect, but it still had a high risk to invest. Because of the market was full of uncertainties. But as a very promising project, Harrington Collection should carry out investment and development. Potential retail trade Because of the Vigor has laid a foundation, with a number of loyal customers. The active wear’s released as a new product sold in the present  market. Consumers can purchase the Vigor products from company-owned stores, upscale department and sociality stores. Company-owned stores’ sales and units are about 20% of the other two kind’s stores. Company-owned stores As the retail group of the Harrington Collection, they operated 120 stores, 50 of them were dedicated solely to the Vigor division. As the advantages of these stores that belong to the same forest senior enterprise distribution strategy can be effective implementation. Harrington Collection can avoid large retailers control, independent development and implementation of the marketing strategy. In these stores, Harrington Collection can be unified planning, unified propaganda, to help establish and enhance brand image. The stores’ management can be more direct contact with the market, and is easy to understand the changes in market demand, and at first time to adjust the marketing strategy. But with the high operating costs, many involve the management of business, need to invest a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Upscale department and sociality stores As another two very important sales channels, they sold 80% of the Harrington Collection’s products. Both the two storefronts implement the same plan and strategy, with a certain degree of stability and integrity, and at the same time are able to avoid the vicious competition among the channel members. However, in this distribution channel, the prices of the previous link directly decide the latter part of the cost. Vigor’s active-wear The Vigor active-wear’s pricing relative to other products is relatively low, less than $100. This series is a strong attraction for consumers. In the initial launch, Vigor would be vigorously publicized. With Harrington Collection’s brand awareness, it was estimated that due to the current market demand is relatively large, and will soon get a valid response. The pricing strategy of Vigor active-wear is market skimming prices. Although these prices are lower than the other products of Vigor. But the variable costs of these products are only $20.55 (Hoodie), $7.50 (Tee-shirt), and $16.40 (Pants). The pricings are $100.00 (Hoodie), $40.00 (Tee-shirt), and $80 (Pants). Even with other related variable costs, and the fixed costs as  well as the construction of the plant, the purchase of equipment, and the administrative expenses of the management. The total cost of the product is much lower than the pricing. This pricing strategy can maximize profits of each single product. And it will not affect their own brand positioning to consumers buying enthusiasm. These products as same with other products of Vigor, will perform the same sales strategy; simultaneous promotion. The active-wear will not become a special product, which will affect the attitude of consumers to Vigor, that the active-wear of lower grade, or a decline in sales situations. Vigor’s competitors’ reaction â€Å"Better† level Positioning â€Å"Better† level the active-wear market is very competitive. Liz Claiborne’s Juicy Couture was one of the early leaders in this market. The leading companies, such as Jones Apparel Group and Liz Claiborne, both of them had a high share in the women’s apparel market. Even more, most of their products positioned in the â€Å"Better† classification. After Harrington Collection released Vigor series active-wear, the two companies will certainly respond. These two competitors in the overall grade lower than Harrington Collection, but because they build factories in the third world, their cost is lower than Harrington Collection, so they can drive down prices, establish a price war in this â€Å"Better† classification. At the same level, the relative homogenizations of active-wear products make it difficult to get a breakthrough in the design. So the price seems to have become a major factor in many consumers’ choice. Each company will be fully developed characteristics of their own company’s products, in order to attract more loyal customers, and seize the market share of other companies. Other levels Competitors with the same grade of the Harrington Collection will seize this opportunity to enter the active-wear market. They will not have a distinct advantage in the price, even in the presence of a disadvantage. But their quality may be higher, more innovative style design; fabric selection will be more comfortable. These products will attract high-end consumers’ details. The low-end brands will not impact on the formation of Vigor. They target different customer groups, both the customers will not be  influenced by each other. There is no direct competition, but would impact overall active-wear market share. Potential financial impact of Vigor active-wear manufacturing group The establishment and promotion of a new product needs to Harrington Collection invest. As the Vigor active-wear manufacturing group, this part of the investment is very high. The pants’ equipment costing was about $2 million and plant start-up cost estimated at $1.2 million. This program’s cost estimated $3 million. The hoodie and tee-shirt’s equipment costing was about $2.5 million and plant start-up cost estimated at $2.5 million. This program’s cost estimated $3.5 million. The expenses of national advertising and public relations campaign were estimated at $2 million. The carrying of active-wear line for every company-owned store was $50000 per store. The total carrying expense was about $2.5 million for 50 company-owned stores. The other data will be calculated in the form at the end of this part. In the end, the profit before tax in 2009 was $6,304,590. The profit margin before tax was 15.8%. Make decision A mature company should be good at discovering market opportunities, and seize the opportunity. Every investment has its risks, and identifies real opportunities for each company is very important. As people increasingly focus on practical demand for clothing, active-wear has good market prospects, and Harrington Collection has an advantage for the development of this product line. Even though the initial investment is huge, but this product is also huge gains. These products sale for a period of time then  the early investment will be recovered form earnings. Harrington Collection should let Vigor add this product line.

Cross cultural change

Cross cultural change Within today's society, organisation is known to change rapidly and constantly. This may be a small change such as introducing new technology within the workplace or a big change such as company takeover (Kirke, 2014). The success of failure of change within a workplace depends on the implementation process as well as the communication process. In order to have a successful change there must be good change management training involved in order to support the leaders to effectively implement the change throughout the organisation (Kirke, 2014). Although change may be challenging and intense, within an organisation it is critical to adapt to change, this is mainly due to keeping up with the competitive economy by being productive and introducing new ideas (Wiley, 2011). However in order to adapt to change, effective strategies will need to be considered in order to introduce the new change. This will be discussed based on the case study of A NEW BEGINNING FOR CLEMENGER BBDO who lacked change due to not wanting to take any risks, however became successful through changing certain areas within the company.Figure 1: Process-data model for the change manage...The key drivers of change will be examined as well as the main perspectives relating to the case.Avoiding change is a critical factor within the business world as many organisations may fall into debt and lose many clients, stakeholders and other social relations within the business. The Clemenger BBDO went downhill in 2005 as the company was going through financial issues. Rob Morgan was originally working in the Clemenger Company in Melbourne and was the founder of the company. The main issue was Morgan refusing to keep up with change as he thought it was too risky to take. The main key drivers of change within the case include the need to gain profit, clients and stakeholders. As...

Physical Descriptions Put Readers in Your Place

Physical Descriptions Put Readers in Your Place Physical Descriptions Put Readers in Your Place Physical Descriptions Put Readers in Your Place By Mark Nichol Writers deliver their stories fiction and nonfiction alike to readers more effectively when they use appearances of people, places, and things to help drive the narrative and illuminate personalities. Consider these ideas: People Some writers omit or minimize description of physical characteristics, considering them peripheral details, but revealing details about a person’s appearance can be a valuable narrative tool, especially when the description up-ends expectations. Helping readers picture a diminutive authority figure or a sturdy, six-foot-plus word nerd, for that matter lets them know that the tale isn’t going to be trite. Practice by jotting down notes about people you know or have seen in person or in images, but take care not to write as if you’re filling out a police report. Instead of describing someone as extremely tall, note how they have to duck their head to walk through a doorway. Rather than using a pedestrian word like huge or petite, use formidable or bantam. In describing hair or eye color, avoid â€Å"lustrous raven locks† and â€Å"limpid azure pools of light† phraseology (unless you’re penning a romance novel), and reach for unusual imagery like â€Å"hair like a tangle of copper filaments† or â€Å"milky-green eyes open wide in an attitude of perpetual astonishment.† Places For locations, employ the same strategy: Rehearse your writing by explaining the feel of a room, a street, or a park. Is it expansive, or economical? Friendly, or foreboding? Clean, or chaotic? What do your other senses tell you? What is the noise level? How does it smell? What are the textures like? Is it easy to walk through or along, or to otherwise navigate, or do obstacles interfere? If your story takes place in a natural landscape, describe the terrain and what associations it has based on whether it conjures a sense of grace, harmony, and peace or whether it is full of bleak, harsh, jagged features. How does the presence of vegetation, or bodies of water, contribute to the feel of the terrain? What effect does the weather produce? Place your characters in the context of their locations by showing, without telling, whether they are at home in their setting or whether the environment is alien to them, and how they respond to their feelings. Things Objects may seem devoid of interest, but even everyday devices can resonate and can be integral to a story. The way belongings are displayed and arrayed can say much about the personality of their owner, as can whether they were bought at a dollar store or from an upscale online catalog. Things can exude an aura, or can be imbued with qualitative or quantitative value. The ubiquity of an electronic device can convey how essential it is to its user, or how integral it is to that person’s self-perception because it (to their mind, at least) awards status. A possession can foreshadow an event or otherwise be key to a plot: A tech-dependent person, one who smugly employs a GPS but can’t read a map, is lost in the wilderness without either. An adored stuffed animal conceals a weapon or a treasure. An innocuous object regarded off-handedly but often ultimately becomes the linchpin (or is a MacGuffin). Even in nonfiction, descriptions of objects can be used to great effect. An account of an interview with a powerful person who fidgets with tchotchkes, for example, can reveal them as nervous or insecure without saying so in so many words. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of HumorThe Parts of a WordWood vs. Wooden

Was There a Place for Women in Russian Revolutionary Movements Essay

Was There a Place for Women in Russian Revolutionary Movements - Essay Example From 1905 to 1917, women played significant roles in the Russian revolution as they joined the Bolshevik party and became passionate about the cause being advanced by the party5. Their passion mostly stemmed from their desire to gain more rights beyond their traditional Russian female role, but they also showed that they had the ability to work as hard as their male counterparts in order to secure the rights and freedom of all Russians6. Women during the Bolshevik revolution applied the demeanour of the tverdia which translates to being hard and resolved7. These women also had to be rational, merciless, and unsentimental; their loyalty had to unquestionably be directed to the party and not even to themselves or their family (19). In order to comply with this demand, many of these women had to hold off on getting married or having children; others who were already mothers had to be ready to take the risk of bringing their children to the underground hideouts, sometimes even letting th eir children aid in the revolution8. Women became a major symbol of what the Bolshevik revolution was trying to achieve. They became a symbol of causes like equal rights and opportunity which the revolution was fighting for9. These causes were also hailed by the male Bolsheviks as they believed that these were courageous and decisive goals. Support from the men encouraged more women to join the revolution. However, this support was all for show because beyond the eyes and ears of the women, their efforts were mocked10. Moreover, negative rumours were spread about them, with many of them labelled as promiscuous, ignorant, and deviant. Despite the negative rumblings about these revolutionary women, the lower classes of women were still stirred to... Based on the above discussion, there was a place for women in Russian revolutionary movements. The revolutions which were launched at various points of Russia’s history clamoured for equal rights and better work conditions for all. Women initially had a less active role in these revolutions, however, during the 1905 Bolshevik Revolution, they started to take on a more active role. The Bolshevik Party, however, did not take the role of women seriously during the 1905 revolution. Although they supported it to some degree, they did not fully acknowledge the role of women in the revolution. The fact that the women’s movements were not organized at this point also played the role in the lack of widespread support for their cause. In the years leading up to the 1917 February Revolution however, the women were more organized and passionate in their goals. They were also more united and were able to gain the support of many men in launching the revolution against the government . This paper makes a conclusion that as the 1917 Revolution gained the necessary victory for the Bolshevik Party, the women’s place and role in the revolution garnered more support from the Party. Their impact on the government reforms proved to be valuable and these reforms were eventually implemented under the Party and the Soviet Union. They were able to protect their traditional roles, even as they shunned political seats and power. The reforms and rights they sought to secure are protected to date and have served as a momentous precedent for other women in the global setting.

Tort law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Tort law - Essay Example One of the requirements of offer is the offeror’s intention to be bound by the made proposal and elements of seriousness are necessary. Terms of the proposal must also be definite to the involved parties and the court must be able to ascertain the terms. In addition, the proposal must be communicated to the target party in order to constitute an offer. Another essential element of a contract is acceptance of the offer and this must be consistent with terms of offer and within a reasonable period. Offer and acceptance constitute an agreement (Miller and Jentz 2010, p. 208- 218). Another element of a valid contract is existence of consideration for the offered benefits. Consideration must be a valuable object, recognized by law, and can be present or be a promise to be executed in future. Parties to a contract must also have legal contractual capacity such as majority age, sound mind, and freedom from intoxicants. In addition, the subject matter of the contract must be legal, no t contrary to any existing law or repugnant to natural justice or humanity (Miller and Cross 2012, p. 189- 190). Annabel Constructions Ltd. builds residential flats. In one of its ventures, it entered into agreements with clients to complete and deliver apartments to the clients. The agreement stipulated date of delivery and included a penalty clause for any delay on delivery. Annabel contracted different suppliers for deliveries and completion of its apartments and Murray & Co. won the contract for supply and fixing of double-glazed windows. The company had however under quoted its bid, realized its inability to complete the work, and communicated this to Annabel before Annabel agreed to pay additional  £ 20000 for completing the work in time. Murray the completed the work within the original schedule but Annabel Constructions refused to pay the additional  £ 20000 as had been agreed between the parties. A breach of contract exists if a valid contract

Managing under uncertainty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Managing under uncertainty - Essay Example However, man is governed by some social structure, economic setups or even cultural moral and ethics that dictate the decision making process. Social sciences have developed models and theories through which the decisions made by an individual can be analyzed and understood. Being ethical or better still making ethical decisions is the ability to choose between options that are presented guided by personal respect, trustworthiness, fairness, responsibility good citizenship and caring attitude. Instances come up when in general reasoning, any decision to be taken which in other instances are regarded badly may present the fairest deal ever. Persons are as well presented with the opportunity of testing the appropriateness of any decision made by subjecting them to the models and theories prior to making the decisions. This paper therefore intends to critically analyze through reflection the process of decision making through which a person makes a decision though the outcome is not sat isfying to his. We shall; use a case study of a decision that I made while at classroom. Presented with an option of doing anything under the cover of invisibility different people would act differently. However, the power of decision-making is pegged on more than personal gratification principle. Since time immemorial, human beings have had the capacity to be guided by instincts while making decisions. Human socialization too has taken a great way in shaping human interactions as far as decision-making is concerned. My case study analyzes a decision that I made while at class in my lower grades of learning. It was during the examination period when we were all preparing to have a class examination. I was inadequately prepared for the exam and I knew that I would not perform satisfactorily in the paper. Other people as well felt inadequately prepared to sit for the exam and everybody was busy designing the means through which he/she would pass. Though I understood the repercussions that would allow cheating in an exam, I was persuaded by my fear to take the risk and try cheating for the paper. I made a decision to do a summary of the critical points that I had not understood in class and carry them through small papers into the exam room. This entitled me to passing the paper when presented within those questions. Nevertheless, by following ethical reasoning as well as moral consideration, I overlooked the instincts. However, even after sneaking the papers into the exam room, I never managed to copy successfully as the teacher spotted me. After the confiscation, I was ordered to leave the exam room and I was suspended from school as a punishment for the offense. Moreover, the offense led to my disqualification to proceed to the next grade with the rest of the class through which I regretted most. The decision to carry with me the written papers with a motive to cheat through the exam had initially presented a satisfying solution to my problem of inadequately p repared for the paper. I took the decision as it presented the highest chances of solving my problem and seemed the most appropriate among the other options that were. My fears were overcome by ascribing to the reasoning of passing the exam through cheating. I had the option of preparing for the paper in advance or better still just write whatever I had in mind instead of choosing to cheat in the exam. However, my rational thinking directed my choice to

History of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment Research

History of Chemotherapy and Cancer Treatment Research An Early Victory A few doors from Freireichs office at the NCI, Min Chiu Li and Roy Hertz had been studying choriocarcinoma, a cancer of the placenta, which often metastasizes rapidly into the lung and the brain. Choriocarcinoma cells secrete a hormone called choriogonadotropin. The level of that hormone, also called the hcg level, was used by Li to track the course of the cancer as it responded to the therapy. In 1956, a young woman called Ethel Longoria suffered from choriocarcinoma that had metastasized to her lungs. Her tumors had begun to bleed into the linings of her lungs. Li and Hertz stabilized her and then treated her with methotrexate. After the first dose, when the doctors left for the night, they didnt expect that theyd find her in rounds the next morning. But she was alive. After four rounds of therapies, her tumor disappeared; the chest X-ray improved; and the hcg level rapidly plummeted toward zero. The tumors had actually vanished with chemotherapy. The trouble was the hcg level had not gone all the way to zero. Although the tumor seemed to have vanished, Li continued to treat her with chemotherapy based on her elevated hCG levels. The NCI administration disapproved, feeling that Li was experimenting on his patients, and fired him in July 1957. However, Li was ultimately proven to be right. Those patients whose chemotherapy were stopped once the visible tumors disappeared inevitably relapsed, while those who continued the treatment until their hcg levels had gone to zero were cured. Li had stumbled on a fundamental principle of oncology: Cancer needed to be systemically treated long after every visible sign of it had vanished. Mice and Men Adding vincristine to the arsenal of chemotherapy drugs had put the researchers at the NCI in a bind. It would take forever for the consortium to finish its trials because of the large number of permutations and combinations of drugs needed to be tested. Howard Skipper, a scientist from Alabama, provided Frei and Freireich a way out of the impasse. Skipper, who called himself a mouse doctor, was an outsider to the NCI. He had tested chemotherapy drugs in mice with leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors as models for human cancers and came up with two pivotal findings: Chemotherapy kills a fixed percentage of cancer cells per treatment. The patients would need to be treated multiple times to get the compounded iterative effect; and Chemotherapy drugs are more effective when given in combination to optimize cancer killing capacity while minimizing drug resistance and side effects. Freireich and Frei were now ready to tackle a four-drug regimen known as VAMP, with each letter standing for one drug. VAMP When Frei and Freireich presented their preliminary plan for VAMP to the Acute Leukemia Group B (ALGB) at a national meeting on blood cancers, the audience hesitated. The group refused to sponsor VAMP until the many other trials had been completed. But Frei Came up with a compromise: VAMP would be studied at the NCI, outside the purview of the ALGB. The VAMP trial was launched in 1961. At the end of three intensively painful weeks, the leukemia cells went into remission. The remissions persisted for weeks, exceeding everyones expectation at the NCI. A few weeks later, the NCI sent another small cohort of patients to try VAMP. Once again, after the initial catastrophic dip, the leukemia vanished. The remissions were reliable and durable. In the fall of 1963, some children in remission came back to the clinic with minor neurological complaints such as headaches, numbness, and seizures. To investigate the possibility of cancer cells invading the brain, Frei and Freireich examined the childrens spinal fluid, and confirmed that leukemia cells were colonizing the brain. The neurological complaints were early signs of a more serious devastation. Eventually all the children came back with neurological complaints went into coma. It was a consequence of the bodys own defense system. The blood-brain barrier had kept VAMP out of the central nervous system, allowing the leukemia cells to colonize the one place that is unreachable by chemotherapy. But not all children had relapsed and died. About 5 percent of the treated children never relapsed with leukemia in the central nervous system. They remained in remission not just for weeks or months, but for years. An Anatomists Tumor In 1832, an English anatomist named Thomas Hodgkin (1798-1866) found a strange systemic disease among a series of cadavers. The disease was characterized by a peculiar enlargement of lymph glands. He wrote up the case of seven such cadavers and presented it to the Medical and Chirurgical Society. It was received with little enthusiasm. Soon after publishing his paper, Hodgkin drift away from medicine, and his anatomical studies slowly came to a halt. Hodgkins disease is a cancer of the lymph glands. The tumor moves from one contiguous node to another. It is a local disease on the verge of transforming into a systemic one. In 1898, an Austrian pathologist named Carl Sternberg discovered the cancerous lymph cells when looking through a microscope at a patients glands. Henry Kaplan, a professor of radiology at Stanford wanted to use radiation to treat human cancers. He knew radiation could treat solid tumors could be treated with radiation, but the outer shell of the cancer needed to be penetrated deep enough to kill cancer cells. A linear accelerator (linac) with its sharp, dense beam would be ideal for that purpose. In 1953, he persuaded Standford to tailor-make a linac for the hospital. With the linac in operation, Kaplan contemplated on his cancer target. Since Linac could only focus on local sites, his natural target was Hodgkins disease, a predictable local tumor. Kaplan wanted to prove that he could improve relapse-free survival by using a technique called extended field radiation (EFR). Under EFR, the X-rays are delivered to an entire area of lymph notes rather than to a single swollen node. In 1962, Kaplan conducted a trial. The result showed that EFR had significantly reduced the relapse rate of Hodgkins disease. In 1964, he did another trial with a larger field of radiation on a limited cohort of patients with tumors in just a few contiguous lymph nodes. The result showed even greater relapse-free intervals, stretching out into years. Wasnt the logic of extended field radiation similar to radical surgery -carving out larger and larger areas for treatment? Why did Kaplan succeed where others had failed? Kaplan was successful because he restricted radiotherapy to patients with early stage local cancers. Those are the natural disease for radiotherapy. Advanced-stage cancers are inherently different and would require other forms of treatment. An Army on the March In 1963 at the NCI Clinical Center in Bethesda, a group of researchers, including Zubrod, George Canellos, Frei, Freireich, and Vincent DeVita were making a list of cytotoxic drugs on one side of a blackboard. On the other side was a list of new cancers they want to target breast, ovarian, lymphomas, lung cancers. Connecting between the two lists were lines matching combinations of drugs to cancers. One question that came to their mind was whether chemotherapy could ever cure patients with any advanced cancers. The only way to answer that generic question was to direct the growing army of drugs against other cancers. They knew leukemia responded to combination chemotherapy. If another kind of cancer also responded to that strategy, then combination chemotherapy might cure all cancers. To test the principle, they focused on Hodgkins disease-a cancer that was both solid and liquid, a stepping-stone between leukemia and, say, breast cancer or lung cancer. Kaplan had proved that radiation therapy can cure local forms of Hodgkins disease. If they could prove that combination chemotherapy can cure metastatic Hodgkins disease, then the equation would be fully solved. In 1964, DeVita led the test of combination chemotherapy for metastatic Hodgkins disease. He combined four drugs-nitrogen mustard, oncovin, prednisone, and procarbasine into a highly toxic cocktail called MOPP. The nausea that accompanied the therapy was devastating. The toxic cocktail had weakened the immune system allowing pneumocystis carinii (PCP), a rare form of pneumonia, to sprout up. The therapy had caused permanent sterility in men and some women. The result of the study was remarkable. At the end of six months, 35 of the 43 patients had a complete remission. The most disturbing side effect would emerge a decade later. Several patients, cured of Hodgkins disease, would relapse with a second cancer, typically a drug-resistant leukemia caused by the prior MOPP therapy. *** In May 1968, Frei and Freireichs VAMP combination chemo had cured most of the children with leukemia in their bone marrow, but not the leukemia that had spread to their brain. A 36-year-old oncologist name Donald Pinkel thought that VAMP had not been intensive enough. Pinkel, a protà ©gà © of Farbers, had been recruited from Boston to start the leukemia program at St. Judess Hospital in Memphis. He determined to push the logic of combination chemotherapy to its limit with four crucial innovations: To use combinations of combinations of drugs mixed and matched together for maximum effect; To instill chemotherapy directly into the nervous system via the spinal cord; To kill residual cells in the brain by high-dose radiation; and To continue chemotherapy for month after month, even after the cancer seemed to have disappeared. The treatment protocol started with the standard chemotherapy drugs given in rapid-fire succession. The spinal canal was injected with methotrexate at defined intervals. The brain was irradiated with high doses of X-rays. The treatment lasted up to 30 months. It was an all-out combat. In July 1968, the St. Judes team published its results: Twenty-seven out of the thirty-one treated had a complete remission. Ten had never relapsed. The median time to relapse had increased to five years. By 1979, 278 patients had completed their chemotherapy. About 20 percent had relapsed, 80 percent was still in complete remission, disease free, after chemotherapy. The Cart and the House By the fall of 1968, the successes of the trials in Bethesda and in Memphis shifted the landscape of cancer therapy. The success of chemotherapy for both leukemia and Hodgkins disease made it seem like a unifying solution for cancer. In Boston, Farber celebrated the news by throwing a public party. He recast the occasion as the symbolic twenty-first birthday of Jimmy. Conspicuously missing from the guest list was the original Jimmy himself-Einar Gustafson. The real Jimmy had returned to a private life in Maine, where he now lived with his wife and three kids. As clinical oncologists were offering their unifying solution for cancer, cancer scientists were offering its unifying cause: viruses. The grandfather of this theory was Peyton Rous, a chicken virologist at the Rockefeller Institute in New York. In 1911, Rous discovered that a malignant tumor growing on a chicken could be transferred to another chicken by exposing the healthy bird to a filtrate derived from the tumor cells. He concluded that the cancer was transmitted by a virus. This virus is now known as the Rous sarcoma virus, or RSV. This discovery had set off a frantic search for more cancer viruses. In 1958, an Irish surgeon named Denis Burkitt discovered an aggressive form of lymphoma among children in Africa. Analyzing the cancer cells from these children, two British virologists discovered a human virus inside them. The new virus was named Epstein-Barr virus or EBV. Because viral diseases were potentially preventable, the NCI inaugurated a Special Virus Cancer Program in the early 1960s to systematically hunt for human cancer viruses. The cancer virus theory needed a deeper explanation: how might viruses cause a cell to become malignant? The success of cytotoxic chemotherapy raised a fundamental question: how would the therapy, the cure, connect with the cause of the cancer? As Kenneth Endicott, the NCI director, acknowledged in 1963: The program directed by the National Cancer Institute has been derided as one that puts the cart before the horse by searching for a cure before knowing the cause. But for Mary Lasker, this cart would have to drag the horse.

Freedom in Braveheart and the Lord of the Rings :: Braveheart Lord of the Rings Essays

The Power of Freedom in Braveheart and the Lord of the Rings How far would you go to defend freedom? Would you overcome impossible odds? In the films â€Å"Braveheart† and â€Å"The Lord of the Rings,† the main characters, Mel Gibson and Elijah Wood, go to the ends of the earth to achieve their goals and bring freedom to the people within their society. The two main plots emphasize the concept that no matter what nation you live under, any man or woman will fight to defend their right to freedom. In â€Å"Braveheart†, Mel Gibson, plays William Wallace. In the movie his wife is brutally killed by one of the English kings. Before the death of his wife, Wallace also experiences the death of his brother and father by the hands of the same aggressor when he was a child. After this he decides that any aggressive action against those he holds dear will not be left unavenged. The day of his wife’s death, William waited for his wife at a secret hiding place and when he finds out she isn’t coming because she was killed, he takes the ways of the law into his own hands. When William becomes a revolutionary he leads the Scottish people to an uprising against the English government. William then begins to de-thrown all the kings in the English region. He loses all sense of inhibition while pursuing his desire to avenge his loved ones’ death and brings freedom to his people. â€Å"The Lord of the Rings† is a movie about the plight of mankind while defending itself against a great evil of a supernatural kind. In this movie, the main character, Frodo Baggins, played by Elijah Woods, must protect the ring of power on an arduous journey across the country in an attempt to destroy the ring. If he fails, all of mankind will be destroyed and ruled by sorcerers and unseen forces of evil. Although he faces many grueling obstacles during his journey, his determination and knowledge of the possible disintegration of the human race fuels him and gives him the strength to complete his journey. In the end, after many trials and near death experiences-not to mention the loss of close friends and his own personal struggles centered around the power the ring has over him-he accomplishes his goal and successfully destroys the ring and brings freedom to mankind.

Black Feminist Theory Essay

Sula is Morrison’s main character and is a perfect example of a Liberated woman. According to Lois Tyson’s definition of a Liberated Woman, Sula has â€Å"discovered her abilities, knows what she needs, and goes about getting it. † Along with all these activities, comes pride and independence. It began when Sula was younger as she had Nel, her best friend, by her side. â€Å"In the safe harbor of each other’s company they could afford to abandon the ways of other people and concentrate on their own perceptions of things,† (55). Her friendship gave her the comfort to be herself and confident on acting on her own terms. Sula continued this attitude into adulthood but not everyone agreed with her actions towards getting what she wants. Sula leaves for 10 years to go to college and live her life beyond the Bottom. When she finally comes back, she and Eva get into an argument. Eva brings up her disappointment in Sula for not settling down with a family and Sula lashes back with, †I don’t want to make somebody else. I want to make myself, † (92). She displays her aversion to not have anyone dependent on her and she wants to only care for herself. Having a family and a husband, in her opinion, would stop her from getting what she wants or needs and would put herself second in her life. Sula doesn’t want to be tied down and oppressed by a man, she wants to be independent and she’s not ashamed about being the only woman wanting her independence . When Nel finally confronts Sula about her affair with Jude, Nel accuses Sula of being proud but she responds with â€Å"‘What you talking about? I like my own dirt, Nellie. I’m not proud’,† (142). This shows how Nel, along with everyone in the bottom, thinks she’s proud or conceded, but in actuality, she’s just not ashamed of her decisions or life style. Lois Tyson continues the definition of a liberated woman with â€Å"the ‘liberated woman’ has already found herself and likes what she has found. † When sula says â€Å"I like my own dirt† she supports Tyson’s definition because Sula also â€Å"likes what she has found. † Sula’s independence, and her pride in being so, fully supports Tyson’s complete definition of a Liberated Woman. Nel’s character fits into an Emergent Woman as she â€Å"[comes] to an awareness of her own psychological and political oppresion†¦ usually through a harsh experience of initiation that makes her ready for change. † On Nel’s trip to meet her grandmother, Nel witnesses her mother’s â€Å"custard† being revealed. From then on Nel â€Å"resolved to be on guard- always. She wanted to make certain that no man ever looked at her that way. That no midnight eyes of marbled flesh would accost her and turn her into jelly† (22). Ashamed of the â€Å"jelly† or the weak substance â€Å"custard† that Morrison also associates with Helene, Nel makes certain that no man shall look at her, and make her into anything weak. In this secne, she becomes aware of her mother’s oppression and makes the decision to never allow it in her life. At the end of their trip, Nel lays in bed thinking about the possibility of ending up like her mother. To establish her independence separate from her mother, Nel states, †I’m me. I’m not their daughter. I’m not Nel. I’m me. Me,† (28). As an Emergent woman, she demonstrates her ability to make her own choices and establish her own independence. Years Later, filled with resentment towards Sula, Nel visits ill Sula in her deathbed. For years, her depression was encouraged by the thought that her husband was taken and now she is alone to take care of her children. She believed it was all Sula’s fault and she hated her for this, but one day she confronts Sula about taking Jude away from her, and Sula asks â€Å"What you mean take him away? I didn’t kill him, I just fucked him. If we were such good friends, how come you couldn’t get over it? † Nel starts to think of the idea of it not being Sula’s fault, that Jude was the one who put her through the heart break of being alone. Sula dies and Nel attends her burial. There she realizes that â€Å"all that time, [she] thought [she] was missing Jude,† but actually, she missed her friendship with Sula (174). Their friendship was more supportive than her marriage as Sula helped bring out the ’me’ in Nel that she lost in her marriage to Jude. Her epiphany helps her to notice how Jude was the one who hurt her , and now she can move on. Toni Morrison portrays Eva Peace as a suspended woman. According to Mary Helen Washington, a suspended woman is a â€Å"victim of men and of society as a whole, with few or no options. † Morrison starts off Eva’s story with her discontented marriage to her husband, BoyBoy. BoyBoy â€Å"liked womanizing best, drinking second, and abusing Eva third,† (32). Eva, disappointingly, tolerates all his abuse, because of her dependency on BoyBoy. One day, when he leaves her and their three children, her dependency becomes clear. Being inconsiderate of his family’s welfare, he leaves as his worst affliction to his wife. Now, abandoned with nearly no money,Eva realizes that â€Å"the children needed her† and â€Å"she needed money,† (32). This shows her desperation and how BoyBoy belittled her as she had to beg and rely on the neighbors for basic necessities like food for her children. Her Neighbors â€Å"were very willing to help, but Eva felt she would soon run her welcome out† and the fact that she had to continue begging, knowing she had ask for enough, embarrassed her. Eva struggles to raise them on her own and one day her son, Plum, stopps having his bowel movements. When all the stress and pressure gets to her, â€Å"Eva squatted there wondering†¦ what was she doing down on her haunches†¦ She shook her head as though to juggle her brains around, then said aloud, ‘Uh uh. Nooo,’†(34). Eva leaves her children with her neighbor for more than a year and comes back with one leg, losing the other for money to care for her children. If BoyBoy had never abused or had left her, she would have never been a victim and never would have had to sacrifice her pride and her leg. This proves she’s a suspended woman because BoyBoy’s abuse and abandonment left her with the only option to leave her children and sell her leg, because as a black woman in their society, she had very few options. Toni Morrison exemplifies Mary Helen Washington’s definitions in Nel, Sula, and Eva through out Sula, using their experiences and personalities. Sula’s independence, Nel’s epiphany, and Eva’s abuse all characterize them into their type of African American female character, making Sula a Liberated Woman, Nel an Emergent Woman, and Eva a suspended woman.

Compassion in The Witch of Blackbird Pond Essay

Compassion is important in every walk of life. The definition of compassion is : a virtue of empathy for the suffering of others and a desire to alleviate that suffering. Compassion is important because it makes up who you are and is a strong part of human love. Without compassion, no human could ever get close to each other or function together as a society. Without compassion, people would not be able work together because they would not care about anyone else’s pain. There would be no working together towards a common goal, that is one of the key pillars of society. Compassion is reason we have doctors and nurses. Compassion is reason that when we see someone hurt, on the ground, we help them up. In the novel, The Witch of Blackbird Pond, Kit and Nat show compassion for Hannah Tupper when her house burns down. She is their friend and they are sympathetic for her and do anything to help her. They even go into the building to retrieve her cats. They are feeling compassion for her and will help to alleviate her suffering, risking the possible legal repercussions of aiding a witch. Another instance in the novel in which the characters show compassion is when Kit teaches Prudence to read and when she defends Prudence from her mother by lying at the trial. The first time was compassion because kit saw prudence had low self worth because her mother has lead her to believe that she is stupid and never will be able to read. Kit sees her suffering and decides to alleviate her suffering, risking Goodwife Cruff’s wrath by teaching her to read and write. Later in the book, once kit is accused of practicing witch craft and the townspeople present the evidence of the hornbook with Prudence’s name written in it repeatedly, Kit lies for Prudence’s sake. She doesn’t want Prudence to get beaten by her mother. She risks possible death in compassion for Prudence’s situation. Finally, prudence shows compassion to Kit. Against all odds, though she has been educated to not show compassion by watching her mother, she shows everyone that she can write. She risks her mother’s abuse to save Kit, a girl she has recently met, but who has taught her a very important value: compassion.